Organization Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Organization Change - Essay Example Organizational change exists when a company makes a shift from its present to a desired future state. Management of change in an organization therefore involves intense planning and implementation of the change in a way that minimizes resistance from employees and cost while maximizing the effectiveness of the change effort. Oticon was well-established Danish company, which concentrated more on manufacturing hearing aids for its clients. However, despite high ranking over a long period, the company started experiencing losses and drop in sales (Nadler & Nadler, 1998). In saving the company, the new CEO Lars Kolind embarked on a mission to cut the cost to enhance reduction of expenses. With reference to Nadler’s integrated change agenda, Lars dedicated on changing the values of the company (Nadler & Nadler, 1998). Oticon initially concentrated on manufacturing high quality expensive products. As competition intensified, the sale of hearing aid products from Oticon began to drop because of the availability of lower cost products. Lars attempts were to change this perspective and ensure that Oticon products become the product of choice. Lars wanted to alter the values of the company and to shift focus on action and dialogue. Primarily, the actions were to ensure that Oticon remains creative, innovative and flexible (Nadler & Nadler, 1998). The dialogue was to involve all the employees to have fresh thinking on any latest idea that would apply to enhance Oticon’s competitive edge and profitability. A vital recommendation at times of organization change is employee involvement. The most important asset for an enterprise is its employees. It is fundamental to inform all employees of impending organizational changes. An evident explanation of every change is imperative. Informed employees will be more receptive to change, however, an employee who has no information about the change will resist it even if the change has a positive effect.

Effective strategies in dealing with DUI offenders - Incarceration and Research Paper

Effective strategies in dealing with DUI offenders - Incarceration and Treatment - Research Paper Example This essay analyzes the traditional model of solving the issues of driving under the influence (DUI) is that the offender is incarcerated or fined. However, with increasing frequency, the traditional model of incarceration of fines has been supplanted by other ideas. Specifically, one of the ideas is that DUI offenders are amenable to treatment. Treatment programs have been around at least since the early 1970s, with the innovative for its time pilot project instituted by the City of Phoenix. Additionally, programs were also aimed at schoolchildren. These programs, unlike later programs, were geared towards individuals who had not yet offended, in hopes that they never would offend. The program which worked the best in this context was a â€Å"shock† program – students were shown grisly pictures of accidents. These programs were aimed at the primary audience. Other programs were aimed at a secondary audience, which consisted of individuals who had already offended. Thes e programs had limited success, according to Ross. However, other programs which concentrated on a variety of approaches have had success. These programs are considered to be DUI court programs. These programs typically require the offender to complete some kind of treatment protocol, check in with the judge on a regular basis and be intensely monitored. One program, in South Dakota, only monitored the offenders, on a continuous basis. These programs all showed a great degree of success, as indicated below. Less successful are traditional incarceration programs, according to Weinrath & Gartrell. (2001). They found that those sentenced to incarceration generally had a very high rate of recidivism. Incarceration treatment programs are a hybrid of incarceration and treatment programs, and this has had success, too, in reducing recidivism. Another aspect which has long been overlooked, however, and could be the key to long-term remission of alcohol-related problems, especially drunk dri ving, is the existence of psychiatric problems in persistent DUI offenders (Shaffer et al., 2007). Up until recently, this is a factor which has been rarely studied and is not generally made a part of typical DUI rehabilitation programs. That said, this article will go into detail about this aspect, because it is such a new factor which has been studied with regards to DUI treatment protocols. The hypothesis regarding the high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities with DUI offenders is that these psychiatric problems are going untreated, even in a typical DUI rehabilitation program. Because of this, long-term prospects for DUI offenders are limited. After all, the treatment programs listed in this paper do not posit about long-term effects of their programs, only short term ones of up to two years after the program has ceased. Incorporating psychiatric screening for every DUI offender might be the most effective program in the long run. TREATMENT The idea of treatment of the persi stent DUI offender has been around for a long time. For instance, in 1970, authors Ernest Stewart and James Malfetti wrote a book called Rehabilitation of the Drunken Driver. In this book, they advocated for the Phoenix DWI curriculum. The Phoenix DWI curriculum acknowledges that DWI violators can be helped if they â€Å"understand the foregoing assumptions [that 'Alcohol reduces the skills needed in driving: vision, perception, judgment, motor response] and to consider and adopt ways to improve their own DWI behavior† (Stewart & Malfetti, 1970, p. 25). In other words, the Phoenix program during this time was geared towards helping individuals understand the effects of alcohol consumption upon driving, and how alcohol consumption is detrimental to driving. This pilot program included a class which had the stated purpose of helping the students of the class understand how alcohol affects driving skills. The students are also reinforced that their behavior